Teaching is a systematic plan to achieve a learning objective. Teaching process is the activity that occur in the class include how to teacher application the material and technique and also how is the interaction happen among teacher and students the purpose is to make someone understand. Brown define teaching is an activity which helping someone to learn something, giving instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge, making someone to know or understand of something.
Every individual has his own perspective in learning; one factor, which makes divergence, is the methods of teaching used by their professors, which are categorized generally into four types. Those methods are the Teacher Centered Method, Content Method, Learner Centered Method and Participative Method.
a. Teacher/instructor-centered involves the teachers’ action to create a learning environment that encourages positive social interaction, active engagement in learning, and self-motivation. Teacher-centered instruction includes teaching strategies "in which the teacher's role is to present the knowledge to be learned and to direct, in a rather explicit manner, the learning process of the students.
b. In content-focused teaching methods, both the teacher and the learners have to fit into the content that is taught. Generally, this means the information and skills to be taught are regarded as sacrosanct or very important. A lot of emphasis is laid on the clarity and careful analyses of content. Both the teacher and the learners cannot alter or become critical of anything to do with the content. Content-Focused Coaching is a professional development model designed to promote student learning and achievement by having a coach and a teacher work jointly in specific settings, guided by conceptual tools
c. Learner-centered teaching is a teaching, which is focused on learning – what the students are doing, is the central concern of the teacher. It is the teaching that encourages collaboration, acknowledging the classroom (be it virtual or real) as a community where everyone shares the learning agenda. The benefits of learner-centered education include increased motivation for learning and greater satisfaction with school; these outcomes lead to a greater academic achievement.
d. The last type of the teaching method is the participatory/interactive method. Participatory method is driven by the situational analysis of what is the most appropriate thing for us to learn/do now given the situation of learners and the teacher. The used of teaching methods produces a variety of results. It may be strong and effective in one case, may be weak and harmful in another case. Experience shows that this kind of result in possible if the teacher’s exigency and convenience
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